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Examinations Policy

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Section 1 - Purpose and Context

(1) The University recognises that assessment is an essential part of the teaching and learning process. The University conducts formal final examinations as a summative assessment component within units of study.

(2) This policy refers to end of session formal examinations and deferred examinations. It sets out the University rules and procedures, and the expectations the University has of its students. Unit Coordinators who set intra-session examinations, and supplementary examinations (see definitions in clause 4), should adapt the principles and procedures of this policy for those purposes.

(3) Information regarding assessment for students with disabilities may be found in the University's Disability Policy, and in Part B of this Policy.

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Section 2 - Definitions

(4) The following definitions apply for the purposes of this policy:

  1. Formal Examination Period - End of Autumn and Spring session centrally administered examinations, coordinated by the Assessment and Graduation Unit, are conducted in the "Formal Examination Period". The Formal Examination Period is the designated period, at the end of the teaching session in which final examinations, followed by deferred examinations, are timetabled. The dates of Formal Examination Periods are scheduled and published at the same time as the teaching sessions, and are considered periods in which students must be available to sit examinations.
  2. In this Policy examinations conducted during the teaching session (intra-session examinations) are considered to be an assessment task. See definition in sub clause e below.
  3. Note that examinations conducted at the end of quarter sessions, and at the end of summer session, and at other times outside the Formal Examination Period, are coordinated by schools, not by the Assessment and Graduation Unit.
  4. Final Examination - a formal, supervised assessment task which takes place at the conclusion of a formal teaching period, during the Formal Examination Period, to assess student learning outcomes. Final Examinations coordinated by the Assessment and Graduation Unit will not be conducted in computer laboratories, unless approved as a reasonable adjustment for a student with a disability or chronic medical condition.
  5. Deferred Examination - an examination granted to a student as a concession for inability to attend the final examination in a unit due to serious misadventure, accident or extenuating circumstances. Deferred examinations are held during the Formal Examination Period, after Final Examinations, and are centrally administered and coordinated by the Assessment and Graduation Unit. Deferred Examinations will not be conducted in computer laboratories unless approved as a reasonable adjustment for a student with a disability or chronic medical condition.
  6. Supplementary Examination - an additional examination offered by a school to a student as a possible outcome of a Special Consideration application, or as a final assessment task as part of the Supplementary Assessment in the Final Unit of a Course Policy (included in the Assessment Policy - Criteria and Standards-Based Assessment Policy) Supplementary examinations are administered and supervised by the school.
  7. Intra-session Examination - a supervised assessment task organised by the school, during the teaching session. These may take the form of standard written tests, on-line tests, multiple choice tests, practicals, laboratory tests, observation station exams etc., and must adhere to the principles outlined in this Policy. They are the responsibility of the school and are managed and coordinated by the Unit Coordinator.
  8. Closed Book Examination - an examination where the student answers only from memory or material provided in the examination paper. All examinations are closed book unless specifically advised in the Learning Guide.
  9. Open Book Examination - an examination where the student may bring reference materials into the examination as specified in the Learning Guide. The reference materials may be limited to named items e.g. text books identified by titles, or there may be no restrictions on the materials that can be brought into the examination.
  10. Examinations Supervisor in Charge - a person who administers an examination, and monitors students completing the examination to prevent cheating and other forms of Student Academic Misconduct.
  11. External student - a student who is enrolled in units classified as off-campus.
  12. Reading Time - reading time is included in the time allowed for the examination. Students may use this time to compose themselves, read the examination paper, take notes and commence planning their answers, or they may begin writing their examination answers as soon as they wish. (Standardised advice on reading time must be included on all examination papers.)
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Section 3 - Policy Statement

Rationale for Examinations

(5) The University conducts final examinations to:

  1. moderate and validate the student's continuous assessment performance;
  2. assess the extent to which learning outcomes have been achieved by the student;
  3. satisfy the requirements of external bodies e.g. professional associations, who may stipulate that a certain component of particular courses must contain some assessment that is undertaken by students independently, and supervised accordingly.

(6) Final examinations must be a valid component of a unit's assessment regime, which must be fit for the purpose of testing the student's achievement of the unit's learning outcomes.

Intra-session Examinations

(7) Intra-session Examinations (see definition in clause 4g) must adhere to the principles outlined in this Policy.

(8) Students must be advised at the beginning of the session, in the Learning Guide, that the examination will be held during the teaching session and that the date, time, format and place of the examination will be notified to students as early as possible, particularly if the examination is scheduled at a different time or location from the class time and location.

Quality Assurance of Final Examinations, and the Approval of Final Examination Papers

(9) Deans of Schools have overall accountability for the preparation of Final Examination papers, and Deferred Examination papers, for the units offered by their school. They must ensure that examination papers are fit for purpose, clear and unambiguous.

(10) Schools must have appropriate processes in place, endorsed by the School Academic Committee, to assure the academic quality of the examination questions and model answers and/or guidelines, and moderation of the marking scheme.

(11) The following staff are responsible for ensuring that appropriate quality checks have been carried out in relation to preparation, marking and moderation of examinations:

  1. Unit Coordinators
  2. Directors of Academic Programs and Academic Course Advisors
  3. Deputy Deans

(12) Deans of School will, once the Final and Deferred Examinations have been timetabled, have overall accountability for arranging for an appropriate academic staff member to be available to be contacted by telephone to resolve queries and problems, while the examination is in progress.

(13) Deans of Schools will report to their School Academic Committee on the discharge of these responsibilities, at the conclusion of each formal examinations period, identifying matters that have impacted on the quality and effectiveness of the examinations operations within the school.

(14) Deans of Schools may delegate some or all of these functions to Deputy Dean or Directors of Academic Programs.

Length of Final Examinations

(15) Examinations must be suitable for testing the achievement of learning outcomes.

(16) The normal duration of a Final Examination will be two hours including ten minutes reading time. All examinations have ten minutes reading time.

(17) Three hour examinations, including ten minutes reading time, are only permitted where prior approval has been given through the unit approval process in accordance with the Award Courses and Units Approval Policy on the basis:

  1. that there are professional accreditation requirements for a course or unit; or
  2. of an academic case, presented in the unit approval documentation, justifying that an examination of three hours, including ten minutes reading time, is essential to fully test the achievement of learning outcomes for individual units.

(18) No Final Examination or Deferred Examination should exceed three hours, including reading time.

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Section 4 - Procedures

Preparation of Examination Papers

(19) Schools much have procedures in place to ensure that:

  1. examination papers are handed over to the Academic Registrar's Office on time and, where appropriate, in an accessible format;
  2. the examination papers include the standard UWS coversheets for Final and Deferred Examinations, as prepared and circulated by the Academic Registrar's Office;
  3. within the school, the preparation, storage and distribution of examination papers and questions is a robust, secure process, with due regard for confidentiality, security, and the overall integrity of the University's examinations;
  4. access to examination papers by appropriately qualified staff at UWS, and other institutions, for the purposes of peer review and benchmarking, is permitted;
  5. the provisions of the University's Records Management Policy are adhered to in relation to retention and storage of examination papers.

Examinations Timetabling

(20) The University will publish the formal final examination period timetable no later than four weeks prior to the commencement of the examination period, and will specify the time, date, duration, campus and venue at which each examination will be conducted.

(21) For Autumn and Spring sessions, the final examination timetable will be available on the University website, and in personalised form for each student via their MySR login, and will include the location of each of their examinations.

(22) Once the examination location has been identified, the student will sit all examinations at that location for the duration of their course, unless the student notifies the University of a change of address. Any change of address should be notified to the University no later than six weeks prior to the examination period, to enable the student to sit the examination at a convenient location.

(23) Students enrolled in examinable off-campus units are advised to review their examination location and time of exam at the University website and inform the Assessment and Graduation Unit of any change in circumstances no later than four weeks prior to the examination period.

(24) Not all examination locations may be available in every examination period. UWS reserves the right to reallocate students to the examination venue of its choosing, closest to the student.

(25) Verbal advice about an individual student's examination timetable will only be provided via telephone or at the Student Centre for students who identify themselves as External Students.

(26) It is the responsibility of the student to ensure that they are familiar with their examination timetable.

(27) The University will endeavour not to change the examination timetable but events beyond the University's control may require examinations to be rescheduled. Students should check their email accounts to receive information about possible disruptions to examinations in the lead up to, and during, the examination period.

Formal Examination Period and Deferred Examination Venue and Times

(28) The University schedules examinations taking into account the standard pattern of course enrolment, unit co-requisites and unit enrolment numbers on each campus. Very large units are scheduled as early as possible in the examination period to enable sufficient time to complete marking. Where a course cohort is very large and the students are enrolled in several very high population units, the timetabled examinations will be spread across the examination period, if requested by the relevant Associate Pro Vice-Chancellor (Education).

(29) The University does not guarantee that the formal examination for a particular unit will be scheduled at the campus where classes for that unit have been held.

(30) Examinations in the formal examination period, and Deferred Examinations, may be scheduled to start between 8.30am and 6.30pm on weekdays and between 8.30am and 6.30pm on a Saturday. Sunday examinations may be held when required. No more than three examination sessions will be scheduled each day.

Examination Clashes

(31) The University endeavours to develop the examination timetable to avoid clashes for students. However, some students may have examinations that clash.

(32) The University defines an examination clash as:

  1. two examinations at the same time including any overlap;
  2. less than one and a half hours between examinations where they are held on the same campus;
  3. where there is insufficient travelling time (less than three hours) between examination venues at different campuses or off-campus sites;
  4. where a student has three examinations scheduled on one day;
  5. where a student has more than three examinations scheduled on two consecutive days;
  6. an evening examination that finishes after 8.30pm followed by a morning examination that starts before 9.30am on the next day.

(33) Students must advise of an examination clash by email to the Assessment and Graduation Unit as soon as possible but no later than five working days following the publication of the examination timetable. The University may not be able to provide alternative arrangements where written advice is received after the five working days period. The University will make every effort to adjust the student's exam timetable in the main timetable period and remove the clash. The identification of a clash does not automatically grant a deferred examination.

Attendance at Examinations

(34) It is the responsibility of the student to be present at examinations at the correct time and place. No additional time will be granted for time lost due to late arrival. The University will not provide special consideration in cases where the student has misread or misunderstood the examination timetable.

(35) Students are required to be at their examination venue not less than 20 minutes before the time of commencement.

(36) If students are late, they will not be admitted to an examination venue after the examination has been in progress for 30 minutes.

(37) The University will not provide special consideration in cases where the student has made vacation or other travel arrangements that interfere with attendance within the formal examination period, including the deferred examination period.

Materials Brought Into the Examination Venue

(38) A student may bring into the examination venue any materials or equipment considered necessary by the University to complete the examination. Open Book examinations have particular arrangements that permit resources (like text books) to be brought into the examination - see below. The Learning Guide will specify, for each unit, what students may bring into the examination. Students must bring writing materials (e.g. pens, pencils, erasers etc) as these will not be supplied. Writing materials should be contained only in a clear plastic bag.

(39) Students who have an Academic Integration Plan may bring into the exam any item specified within that plan.

(40) The University does not guarantee safe-keeping of students' possessions inside or outside of examination rooms. Students concerned about the security of valuable possessions during examinations will need to make alternative arrangements for their care, or ensure that they do not bring these possessions to campus on days when they are required to attend examinations.

Mobile Phones in Examinations

(41) Students are only permitted to bring a mobile phone or a similar communication device into the examination, if it is stored in accordance with the Exam rules on the Academic Registrar's webpage. It must be:

  1. switched off; and
  2. placed on the desk and visible to the supervisor.

(42) Having a mobile phone or a similar communication device in the examination venue, and not adhering to these rules is regarded as unacceptable and will result in a financial penalty being imposed. An encumbrance will be placed on the student's record which will prevent the student from accessing their session results, enrolling in new units and graduating. This encumbrance will be removed once the financial penalty is paid. The Assessment and Graduation Manager will decide whether to refer the incident for action under the Misconduct - Student Academic Misconduct Policy.

Open Book Examinations

(43) For Open Book examinations, the Learning Guide will specify the resources a student may bring into the examination room. These may include:

  1. approved dictionaries (which may be electronic);
  2. approved textbooks and other reference material;
  3. approved programmable calculators and text retrievable devices.

(44) These materials may not be brought into closed book examinations.

(45) Where Open Book examinations permit students to bring resources into the examination, the school must make a member of academic staff available at the examination venue, to monitor compliance.

Unauthorised Material at the Examination

(46) Scribbling paper is not provided and is not permitted in the examination venue. 'Rough' work should be done on the reverse side of pages of the answer booklet.

(47) The following materials are not allowed in any examinations:

  1. bags, motorcycle helmets, bicycle helmets, caps, hats or other personal items;
  2. multi-media devices;
  3. notes of any kind including those written on rulers and calculator covers;
  4. pencil cases;
  5. mobile phones or similar communication devices that are concealed and / or left on in the examination venue. (See clauses 41 and 42).

Admission to Examination Venue

(48) Students must produce a UWS Student Identity Card (ID) for entry to all examinations and display the ID card on their desk for the duration of the examination. Students will not be admitted to examinations without a UWS student identification card, except that, in exceptional circumstances, students may be admitted to examinations on presentation of a Temporary ID for Examination. The Temporary ID can be obtained from a UWS Student Centre prior to the exam, once the student's identity, enrolment and eligibility to sit the exam have been confirmed.

(49) Students are required to sit in the seat allocated to them as directed by the Examination Supervisor.

Leaving the Examination Venue

(50) A student will not be permitted to leave an examination venue until 30 minutes have elapsed from the commencement of writing.

(51) A student will not be permitted to leave the examination venue during the last ten minutes of an examination unless there are exceptional circumstances such as illness.

(52) A student may seek permission to temporarily leave an examination venue. Such absences will be under approved supervision. A student wishing to leave an examination and re-enter shall not be re-admitted to the examination room unless during the full period of their absence, they have been under approved supervision.

Conduct of Students During Examinations

(53) A student must comply with all directions given by the Examination Supervisor, and all instructions set out on the examination paper. The decision of the Examination Supervisor is final.

(54) Any student who behaves in a manner which disrupts an examination will be requested to leave the examination venue immediately and may dealt with under the provisions of the Misconduct - Student Academic Misconduct Policy and Misconduct - Student Non-Academic Misconduct Policy.

(55) A student must not:

  1. disturb, distract or behave in a manner that may adversely affect another student;
  2. obtain or endeavour to obtain assistance in their work;
  3. provide or endeavour to provide assistance to another student in their work;
  4. communicate by word or otherwise with another student once in the examination venue;
  5. eat inside the examination venue (except for medical conditions such as diabetes);
  6. remove the examination paper, or unused material, from the examination venue unless the examination paper states these can be removed;
  7. bring unauthorised material into the examination venue.

(56) A student who breaches these provisions will be dealt with under the provisions of the Misconduct - Student Academic Misconduct Policy, and Misconduct - Student Non-Academic Misconduct Policy.

Conclusion of Examinations

(57) The Supervisor in Charge will notify students orally and by writing on the board when there are ten minutes of the examination time remaining. At the end of the examination time the Supervisor in Charge will instruct all students to stop work but to remain in their seats. All students must immediately do so, by ceasing writing, typing or conducting practical work etc, as appropriate.

(58) Students must remain in their seats until all examination materials are collected and the Examination Supervisor has given permission to leave.

(59) Students must not communicate with other students until they have left the venue.

Inability to Attend an Examination

(60) Students who are unable to sit for an examination due to circumstances beyond their control should apply for Special Consideration. Students should note that submitting a Special Consideration application does not mean that it will automatically be granted. (Refer to the Special Consideration Policy).

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Section 5 - Guidelines

Part A - Examinations for External Students

(61) Students enrolled in external units are expected to sit their examinations at the same time as on-campus students.

(62) Students enrolled in external units will be able to nominate whether they want to attend their examinations on campus or off campus. Students enrolled in external units who reside in the Greater Western Sydney area are encouraged to attend exam venues on campus.

(63) For students enrolled in external units who nominate to attend examinations off campus, the University will endeavour to:

  1. provide an examination venue not more than two hundred (200) kilometres from the student's place of residence; or
  2. in the event that the University is unable to provide an examination venue, it is the responsibility of the external student to identify an appropriate examination venue for approval by the Assessment and Graduation Unit.

(64) Students enrolled in external units are responsible for advising changes to address that occur after the HECS census date directly to the Assessment and Graduation Unit as well as following standard University procedures for recording changes of address. Changes of address after the HECS census date must be notified to the Assessment and Graduation Unit as soon as possible and in any case at least 30 working days before the start of the examination period, to allow sufficient time for the arrangement of an appropriate examination venue.

(65) Students enrolled in external units to be examined either on or off campus, are advised to review their examination timetable on the University website.

(66) Students enrolled in external units who have nominated to attend an examination venue off-campus will be advised of the venue details via their UWS student email account.

(67) Students enrolled in external units to be examined off-campus have five working days from the publication of the examination timetable to advise the Assessment and Graduation Unit of any circumstances that make attendance at the identified venue impossible. The University will endeavour to provide alternative arrangements. In exceptional circumstances the student may be required to sit a deferred examination.

(68) Failure to advise the Assessment and Graduation Unit as stipulated in clauses 63 and 66 above may result in the student being required to sit a Deferred Examination.

Part B - Examinations for Students with Disabilities

Definitions

  1. Reasonable Adjustments - are measures, actions or adjustments made to teaching, learning and assessment to allow students with disabilities or chronic medical conditions to participate in the course or unit on the same basis as students without a disability.
  2. Inherent Requirements - are the essential, fundamental requirements of a course or unit without which the core competencies, skills, knowledge and expertise implicit in awarding accreditation would not be met. Making a requirement compulsory is not sufficient to meet the criteria for an inherent requirement.
  3. Academic Integration Plan (AIP) - is a plan developed and approved by the UWS Disability Services to specify the reasonable adjustments required to enable students with disabilities or chronic medical conditions to participate in the course or unit on the same basis as students without a disability. AIPs are developed in consultation with students, based on appropriate medical documentation to verify the nature of the disability or chronic medical condition.
  4. Individual Examination Arrangements - are adjustments to examinations specified in the AIP of a student with a disability to allow the student to be assessed on the same basis as a student without a disability.

Introduction

(69) Academic outcomes for any course apply to all students without exception. Where a student has disclosed a disability or chronic health condition to the UWS Disability Services, then Reasonable Adjustments as per the Disability Discrimination Act (1992), the Disability Education Standards (2005) and the relevant University Policies that are in force will be implemented by the University in consultation with the student and academic staff.

(70) Any students with a disability or chronic medical condition which may result in their being disadvantaged are advised to contact the UWS Disability Services as early as possible in the session, to discuss required adjustments in relation to all types of assessments. The provision of any Reasonable Adjustments will be in keeping with the UWS Disability Policy.

(71) These Reasonable Adjustments will be formally notified to Academic Staff and the Assessment and Graduation Unit each semester in writing, and may cover examination arrangements.

Academic Integration Plan (AIP)

(72) Academic Integration Plans are developed by the Disability Advisor located on each campus to address the effects of disabilities while maintaining the academic integrity of teaching, learning, assessment and accreditation and meeting the Inherent Requirements of units and courses. Academic Integration Plans are issued by the UWS Disability Services.

(73) Students requiring Individual Examination Arrangements because of a disability or chronic health condition are entitled to an Academic Integration Plan, which sets out what reasonable adjustments the University will make when the student sits for examinations in the formal examination period or intra-session and school based examinations.

(74) Adjustments may include provisions such as:

  1. extra time, for resting, toilet breaks, and use of a scribe, or for tasks, such as reading or writing, as examples;
  2. use of a scribe or reader;
  3. the use of a computer or assistive technology;
  4. examination papers in alternate format such as accessible electronic format, Braille or large print;
  5. ergonomic furniture, appropriate lighting, aids, etc;
  6. adjustments to the timing, frequency and location of examinations; and / or
  7. other adjustments as approved by the UWS Disability Services.

(75) Students with a disability are encouraged to register with the Disability Services as soon as possible. If students with a disability require Individual Examination Arrangements, an Academic Integration Plan must be submitted to the Assessment and Graduation Unit at least 30 working days prior to the commencement of the examination period. If this deadline is missed the adjustments cannot be implemented for that session's final examinations. If the student requires the adjustments, their examinations will be moved to the Deferred Examination Period.

(76) A student with a disability or chronic health condition seeking Individual Examination Arrangements must have a current Academic Integration Plan which stipulates the reasonable adjustments required. Academic Integration Plans are developed, issued and expire in line with the Disability Services Principles and Procedures.

Individual Examination Arrangements

Taking Examinations or Tests at Home or at Other Venues

(77) Disability Advisors on occasions, with the approval of the Unit Coordinator, will recommend that a student be given permission to sit an examination at home, or at an appropriate venue, rather than sitting the paper on campus. The examination paper would be completed at the specified venue within a specified time frame and under certain criteria and conditions. Where such changes of venue are approved, those venues become the examination venues for those students. The arrangements approved by the Unit Coordinator will stipulate how examination papers will be handled to ensure due consideration is given to maintaining the integrity and security of the examinations.

Taking Examinations at an Alternate Time

(78) The nature of some disabilities may require examinations to be held at a different time to the scheduled examination. Where such changes occur, due consideration will be given to maintaining the integrity and security of the examinations.

Additional Time

(79) Some students with a disability require additional time to complete examinations. Additional time is granted on the basis of the effects of the disability requiring the student to take rest periods or use an inherently more time-consuming process to complete the examination. Any additional time granted will be the minimum necessary to address the effects of the disability.

(80) Time adjustments for online assessments need to be made in accordance with the Student's Academic Integration Plan.

Materials in the Examination Venue

(81) A student may use aids or specialised equipment during the examination if such aids and equipment are specified on the student's Academic Integration Plan.

(82) Students with disabilities may need to have material provided in alternate format such as Braille, electronic, large print or coloured paper. Details of alternate format requirements will be specified in the student's Academic Integration Plan.

(83) Students who are using a computer for the exam must print the exam answers, under instruction and supervision by the Examination Supervisor, before leaving the examination room. Provisions under clause 55(f) of this policy regarding the removal of completed and unused examination answer booklets, examination papers, whether print, electronic or other format, shall apply. All examination materials on computers used for the examination should be deleted after the examination answers have been printed.

Examinations Organised in Schools

(84) Academic Integration Plans will state all the adjustments required for examinations for students with disabilities and chronic health conditions. Academic Integration Plans need to be implemented for all examinations, including intra-session and supplementary examinations run by schools.

(85) The Disability Services, on request, organises and funds the employment of an Examination Supervisor to monitor the examination, at the examination venue. This also applies to intra-session classroom examinations, where a student may be disadvantaged unless provided with support.

(86) The Disability Services will provide Scribes, Readers, aids and other appropriate assistance, on request, for students sitting examinations organised by schools.

(87) Unit Coordinators are responsible for ensuring the students' Academic Integration Plans are fully implemented. Unit Coordinators are responsible for organising the booking of individual or small group rooms and requesting that the Disability Services provide the Exam Supervisor, Scribe or Reader, aids or other appropriate assistance.

(88) For intra-session examinations and supplementary examinations organised by schools, the school must give adequate notice of ten working days to the Disability Services, so that the necessary support arrangements can be organised.

Students with a Temporary Injury or Disability

(89) Students with a temporary injury or disability which may cause them to be disadvantaged in an examination and who may require individual examination arrangements must inform the Assessment and Graduation Unit immediately. The Assessment and Graduation Unit will advise the student whether to apply for Special Consideration or to contact the Disability Services to be assessed for Individual Examination Arrangements under a Temporary Academic Integration Plan.

(90) A student with a temporary injury, disability or medical condition which may impact on examination performance should contact the Disability Services as soon as possible. The Disability Services will need 30 working days prior to the commencement of the examination period to facilitate the provision of reasonable adjustments in the formal examination period. The Disability Services will develop a Temporary AIP in accordance with University policy and the Disability Discrimination Act.

(91) Students with a temporary disability that will prevent them from sitting an examination may apply for Special Consideration - see the Special Consideration Policy.

Attendance at Examinations

(92) It is the responsibility of the student to be present at examinations at the correct time and place.

(93) For students with a disability, where individual examination arrangements have been made, the student must attend the exam at the venue specified in their individual examination arrangements. If individual examination arrangements require amendment or are no longer required, the Disability Services must be notified in writing no later than 30 working days before the scheduled start of the formal examination period to allow the AIP to be amended and the Assessment and Graduation Unit informed.

(94) Students with a disability are advised to bring a copy of their current Academic Integration Plan to the examination venue to ensure that all their individual examination arrangements are in place. If approved adjustments are not in place, the Examination Supervisor should be advised immediately. Students are entitled to not commence the examination until all approved adjustments are in place.

Responsibilities

(95) The Assessment and Graduation Unit is responsible for the provision of the Examination Supervisor, Scribes or Readers for all final examinations including deferred examinations.

(96) The Disability Services is responsible for training Examination Supervisors, Scribes or Readers plus supplying any Assistive Technology or aids and provides funding for the employment of Exam Supervisors, Scribes or Readers for individual examination arrangements.